📜 A long story
Türkiye, 1800 → today
Türkiye grew from 9.76 million in 1800 to 87.3 million; a newborn can expect 41.8 more years of life than in 1937, and output per person is 28× its 1820 level, adjusted for inflation.
Told with long-run reconstructions, not the yearly series used elsewhere on the site: each chapter names its source. Scroll to move through the years.
☺ Chapter 1 · Population
How many people live there?
1800
In 1800, about 9.76 million people lived in Türkiye.
1900
14 million people.
1.4× the 1800 level
1950
21 million people.
1.5× the 1900 level
Reached twice the 1800 level in 1947.
2023
87.3 million people, the latest year in this series.
4.2× the 1950 level
Reached 5 times the 1800 level in 1984.
Long-run series: before 1950, reconstructions by HYDE and Gapminder, filled in between benchmark years by those sources. Log scale: equal steps up mean equal growth rates.
✚ Chapter 2 · Life expectancy
How long do people live?
1937
In 1937, a newborn in Türkiye could expect to live 35.4 years, on average.
2023
77.2 years, the latest year in this series.
+42 years since 1937
Passed 40 years in 1950 (no data between 1947 and 1950, so it may have happened earlier).
Passed 50 years in 1959.
Passed 60 years in 1976.
Passed 70 years in 1996.
Long-run series: before 1950, historical estimates (Riley, Clio Infra, Human Mortality Database), only for years they cover. Dashed stretches are years without data.
◎ Chapter 3 · GDP per person (PPP)
How much is produced per person?
1820
In 1820, Türkiye produced about Int$974 per person, in 2011 prices.
1950
Int$2,080.
2.1× the 1820 level
Reached twice the 1820 level in 1936.
The sharpest fall in the data: down 38% between 1939 and 1945 (Int$2,320 → Int$1,450).
2022
Int$27,400, the latest year in this series.
13× the 1950 level
Reached 5 times the 1820 level in 1972.
Reached 10 times the 1820 level in 1993.
Reached 20 times the 1820 level in 2013.
Long-run series (Maddison Project) in 2011 international dollars: adjusted for inflation, so not the same unit as today’s PPP figure. Log scale: equal steps up mean equal growth rates. Dashed stretches are years without data.
❦ Chapter 4 · CO₂ per person
How much CO₂ does each person emit?
1865
In 1865, fossil fuels and industry in Türkiye emitted about 0.013 t of CO₂ per person.
1900
0.1 t.
5.7× the 1865 level
Reached twice the 1865 level in 1875.
Reached 5 times the 1865 level in 1900.
1950
0.5 t.
6.1× the 1900 level
Reached 10 times the 1865 level in 1909.
Reached 20 times the 1865 level in 1930.
The sharpest fall in the data: down 82% between 1911 and 1917 (0.2 t → 0.028 t).
2024
5.9 t, the latest year in this series.
13× the 1950 level
Reached 50 times the 1865 level in 1962.
Long-run series: fossil CO₂ emitted within each country’s borders (Global Carbon Budget); early estimates are less certain. Log scale: equal steps up mean equal growth rates.
☕ Chapter 5 · Years of schooling
How long do people go to school?
1870
In 1870, people aged 15–64 in Türkiye had spent 0.01 years in school, on average.
1900
0.2 years.
+0.16 years since 1870
1950
1.1 years.
+0.97 years since 1900
2015
8.1 years, the latest year in this series.
+7 years since 1950
Passed 2 years in 1965.
Passed 4 years in 1985.
Passed 6 years in 2000.
Passed 8 years in 2015.
Long-run series (Lee & Lee, Barro & Lee) for people aged 15–64, every 5 years until 2015: a different age group than today’s figure (25 and older).