⌛ Then vs now
How has Kazakhstan changed since 1990?
1990 then 2025 latest dataPeople in Kazakhstan now live 8.8 years longer than in 1990.
People
Population
17.2 million in 1990, 20.8 million in 2025.
Fertility rate
2.75 children per woman in 1990, 2.98 children per woman in 2024.
Median age
24.7 years in 1990, 29.5 years in 2023.
Aged 65 and over
5.7% in 1990, 9% in 2025.
Money
GDP per person (PPP)
Int$7,870 in 1990, Int$44,300 in 2025.
Economy size (GDP)
$26.9 billion in 1990, $306 billion in 2025.
Unemployment
0.9% in 1991, 4.8% in 2025.
Military spending
1.1% in 1993, 0.4% in 2024.
Health
Life expectancy
65.7 years in 1990, 74.5 years in 2024.
Infant mortality
44.3 per 1,000 in 1990, 7.4 per 1,000 in 2024.
Adult obesity
11.6% in 1990, 22.4% in 2024.
Everyday life
Meat supply
60.3 kg in 1992, 64.9 kg in 2023.
Daily calories
2,730 kcal in 1992, 3,140 kcal in 2023.
Years of schooling
7.5 years in 1990, 12.5 years in 2023.
Connected
Urban population
57% in 1990, 62% in 2025.
Internet users
0% in 1990, 93% in 2024.
Mobile subscriptions
0 in 1990, 127 in 2024.
Planet
CO₂ per person
15.6 t in 1990, 13.9 t in 2024.
Forest cover
1.2% in 1992, 1.3% in 2023.
Renewable electricity
8.4% in 1990, 14.9% in 2025.
Safety
Homicide rate
8.6 per 100k in 1990, 2.6 per 100k in 2022.